Turkey

Turkey

Turkey, (Turkish: Тÿркийе-Türkiye), officially the Federative Republic of Turkey is a country located in Central Asia. The capital city is Айдын (Aydın), which is also barely the largest city. Turkey is bordered by Tocharia in the North, Tuva in the Northeast, Khotan in the East, Afghanistan in the South, Farsia in the South, and the Second Soviet Union in the North.

-Etymology-

The English name of Turkey (from Medieval Latin Turchia/Turquia) means "land of the Turks". Middle English usage of Turkye is evidenced in an early work by Chaucer called The Book of the Duchess (c. 1369). The phrase land of Torke is used in the 15th-century Digby Mysteries. Later usages can be found in the Dunbar poems, the 16th century Manipulus Vocabulorum ("Turkie, Tartaria") and Francis Bacon's Sylva Sylvarum (Turky). The modern spelling "Turkey" dates back to at least 1719. The Turkish name Türkiye was adopted in 1923 under the influence of Foreign usage. -Huns and Göktürks-

Since nearly all of it's history, Turkey has been inhabited by Turkic peoples. The first instance of Turkic peoples were the Huns in Mongolia. They were a people from the 4th to 6th century AD. According to European tradition, they were first reported of living in the eastern side of the Volga River, in an area that was part of Scythia at the time. by 370 AD, they had arrived on the Volga, and by 430 they had established a vast, if short-lived, dominion in Europe, conquering the Goths and many other Germanic peoples living outside of Roman borders, and causing many others to flee into Roman territory. The Huns, especially under their King Attila, made frequent and devastating raids into the Eastern Roman Empire. In 451, the Huns invaded the Western Roman province of Gaul, where they fought a combined army of Romans and Visigoths at the Battle of the Catalaunian Fields, and in 452 they invaded Italy. After Attila's death in 453, the Huns ceased to be a major threat to Rome and lost much of their empire following the Battle of Nedao (454?). Descendants of the Huns, or successors with similar names, are recorded by neighbouring populations to the south, east, and west as having occupied parts of Eastern Europe and Central Asia from about the 4th to 6th centuries. Variants of the Hun name are recorded in the Caucasus until the early 8th century. [18:55] After them, the Göktürks (also known as Köktürks) inhabited Mongolia and Central Asia, until their split and reformation, and then complete dismantling. -Seljuk Empire-

The House of Seljuk originated from the Kınık branch of the Oghuz Turks who resided on the periphery of the Muslim world, in the Yabgu Khaganate of the Oğuz confederacy, to the north of the Caspian and Aral Seas, in the 9th century. In the 10th century, the Seljuks started migrating from their ancestral homeland into Persia, which became the administrative core of the Great Seljuk Empire, after its foundation by Tughril.

In the latter half of the 11th century, the Seljuk Turks began penetrating into the Old Tocharians and the Karakhanids. In 1071, the Seljuks defeated the Tocharians at the Battle of Ajogoz, starting the Turkification process in the area; the Turkic languages were introduced to these lands, gradually spreading throughout the region. The Mevlevi Order of dervishes, which was established in Tashkent during the 13th century by Sufi poet Rumalledin Celadi, played a significant role in the unification and stability of the diverse people of Central Asia who had previously been divided. Thus, alongside the Turkification of the territory, the Seljuks set the basis for a Turkic principal culture in Central Asia, which they would thrive in until the 13th Century.

When the Mongol Empire was created by Genghis Khan, they also invaded the vast, stable lands of the Seljuks and completely destroyed their Empire and Culture. Beyond that, the lands were occupied until the fall of the Mongol Empire and it's Division. A few successor hordes would hold the lands afterwards until their eventual collapse that followed. -The Timur, The Tuva, and The Russians-

Beyond the ashes that the Mongol Empire left, the Tuvan Timurids that arrived in Persia and expanded their realm had now turned their focus onto the divided and shattered Central Asia. The Timurid Empire would conquer large chunks of land, even defeating the Uzbeks and Tocharians in battle. After the eventual collapse of the Timurids due to internal struggles, the Timurid family proceeded to move to India and even converted a large chunk of land to Tengrism.

After that, the Tuvan Empire would form in 1623[sources needed], and then Central Asia would be conquered once again. afterwards, when the Tuvan Empire also collapsed, the Russians would come in and conquer the lands around the Aral Sea, however only vassalize the 3 Turkic Nations. It would be relatively peaceful until the Great War when Russia would implode on itself into civil war, where the First Soviet Union would appear. Amongst the chaos, the Turkic nations would gain freedom, along with 2 new nations.

-The Great Turkic Unification-

in 1942, there would be a great war over unification. Everyone wanted the same result, but differed on what to do afterwards. Eventually, Khiva would come on top by 1944 and Turkey would be declared, with their leader, Yasuf İlgi Atatürk. Sözkan Babayev, a man Half-Oghuz and Half-Russian descent, would become leader of Turkey in 10 November, 1957. After that point, elections would happen for 2 terms maximum, for 5 years. -Presidents of Turkey-

Yasuf İlgi Atatürk (1942-1957) Sözkan Babayev (1957-1962) Cemal Ağa (1962-1967) Fahri Korutürk (1967-1977) Oğuz Hasim (1977-1982) Kemal Evren (1982-1987) Emir Fatih Eşin (1987-1992) Yunus Ahmet Işık (1992-1997) Sâmi Pakoğlu (1997-2007) Kıvanç Kurt (2007-present)